Quick Answer
Before conducting a native grass restoration for upland birds, consider the soil type, moisture levels, sunlight exposure, and existing vegetation to ensure the chosen warm-season grass species will thrive.
Assessing Site Conditions
When planning a native grass restoration, it’s crucial to assess the site’s soil type and moisture levels. Upland birds require nesting cover with a mix of grasses and forbs, so select a location with well-draining soil and adequate moisture, typically 12-18 inches of rainfall annually. Consider the elevation and slope to ensure the site receives sufficient sunlight, ideally 6-8 hours of direct sunlight per day.
Preparing the Site
Before planting, remove existing vegetation, including invasive species, using a combination of mowing, herbicides, and disking. This will allow for a clean slate and even soil preparation. Till the soil to a depth of 8-10 inches to loosen the topsoil and incorporate any amendments, such as lime or fertilizer, as necessary. Apply a starter fertilizer at the recommended rate, typically 10-20 pounds per acre.
Planting and Maintenance
Plant a mix of warm-season grasses, such as switchgrass, big bluestem, and indiangrass, in the spring or fall, depending on your location. Plant at a rate of 5-10 pounds per acre, depending on the species and desired density. Maintain the site through regular mowing, typically once or twice a year, to promote healthy growth and prevent overgrazing by wildlife. Avoid over-tilling, which can damage the soil and disrupt the ecosystem.
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