Quick Answer
Lightning strike injuries are distinct from other electrical injuries due to the unique characteristics of lightning, such as its high voltage, brief duration, and thermal effects. This results in distinct patterns of injury and treatment requirements.
Lightning Strike Characteristics
Lightning strikes are high-voltage electrical discharges that can reach temperatures of up to 50,000°C, hotter than the surface of the sun. The extreme heat causes massive burns, often with a characteristic “flashover” pattern, where the outer layer of the skin is charred, while the underlying tissues are relatively intact. This unique thermal effect is distinct from the electrical shock caused by other high-voltage sources.
Treatment and Assessment
Assessing and treating lightning strike victims requires a thorough neurological evaluation, as many lightning strike victims experience cardiac arrest or stroke. Administer CPR if the victim is unresponsive and not breathing. For burns, use the “rule of nines” to estimate the percentage of body surface area affected. For the head and neck, use the " palm method" to estimate 1% of the body surface area per palm. Apply cool water for 20 minutes to reduce the risk of further damage.
Storm Safety Precautions
Preventing lightning strikes requires awareness and caution during thunderstorms. Avoid being in open areas, such as beaches or fields, and stay away from tall objects, such as trees or power lines. If caught in a storm, crouch low with your feet together, minimizing your contact with the ground. Never seek shelter under trees or power lines, as these can conduct electricity.
Find more answers
Browse the full Q&A library by topic, or jump back to the topic this question belongs to.