Quick Answer
For optimal crop selection in agrivoltaics, choose sun-tolerant, low-to-medium water requirement plants such as leafy greens, beans, or corn, which can thrive in partial shade conditions. Consider plant heights, growth habits, and maturation rates to maximize space efficiency and reduce shading impacts on solar panels.
Selecting Sun-Tolerant Crops
Agrivoltaics can benefit from selecting crops with high sun-tolerance, which can reduce shading impacts on solar panels and optimize energy production. Crops like leafy greens (lettuce, spinach, kale), beans (bush, pole, snap), and corn are suitable options for agrivoltaic systems. These crops typically require partial shade to maintain optimal growth and can tolerate high temperatures.
Considering Plant Heights and Growth Habits
To maximize space efficiency in agrivoltaics, consider selecting crops with compact growth habits or using trellises to train vining crops. For example, using a trellis for climbing beans can increase plant density without shading solar panels, while compact varieties of lettuce or spinach can be interplanted between rows of taller crops. Plant heights should be at least 3-4 feet below the solar panel’s lowest point to ensure minimal shading.
Crop Maturation Rates and Shading Impacts
When selecting crops for agrivoltaics, consider maturation rates to minimize shading impacts on solar panels. Crops with shorter maturation periods (50-60 days) like leafy greens or snap beans can be harvested before shading becomes significant. In contrast, crops with longer maturation periods (80-100 days) like corn or squash may require additional management strategies to mitigate shading impacts, such as pruning or adjusting plant densities.
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