Quick Answer
No, a direct line of sight is not strictly necessary for point-to-point wireless internet, but it greatly improves signal quality and range, especially in long-range bridges.
Line of Sight Requirements
While a direct line of sight is ideal, it’s not always possible or practical. In such cases, you can use techniques like line-of-sight enhancement or beamforming to improve signal quality. For example, Ubiquiti’s airMAX technology uses beamforming to focus the signal and maintain a strong connection even with obstacles in the way.
Path Loss and Obstacles
Path loss, caused by terrain, weather, and other factors, significantly affects wireless signal strength. Obstacles like trees, hills, and buildings block or attenuate the signal, requiring more powerful equipment or additional relay points. To minimize path loss, use a site survey tool to analyze the terrain and identify the best path for your wireless bridge.
Choosing the Right Equipment
When selecting equipment for a point-to-point wireless bridge, consider factors like transmit power, antenna gain, and frequency band. For long-range bridges, use a high-gain antenna (up to 30 dB) and a powerful transmitter (up to 29 dBm). Choose a frequency band that suits your environment, such as 5 GHz for longer ranges or 2.4 GHz for better penetration.
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