Is Steel Shot Safe for All Over-Under Shotguns?

Steel Shot Compatibility in Over-Under Shotguns

Steel shot is a common choice for upland bird hunting, but its use requires careful consideration of the shotgun’s age and construction. The primary concern is the choke and barrel’s ability to withstand the harder, denser steel shot. Many manufacturers started producing steel shot-compatible shotguns in the early 1970s, with Beretta and Browning being among the first. However, shotguns manufactured before this period may have chokes and bores that are not compatible with steel shot. To ensure safe use, always check the manufacturer’s recommendations or look for a choke and barrel that is specifically rated for steel shot.

Steel Shot Patterns and Over-Under Shotguns

When using steel shot in an over-under shotgun, it’s essential to consider the shot pattern and spread. Steel shot tends to pattern tighter than lead shot, which can be beneficial in tight spaces. However, this tighter pattern can also lead to over-penetration and increased risk of damage to the shotgun’s choke and barrel. To mitigate this risk, use a choke that is specifically designed for steel shot, and always follow proper loading and shooting techniques. A good rule of thumb is to use a choke that is one size larger than recommended for lead shot.

Field Testing and Maintenance

In addition to choosing the right choke and following proper loading techniques, it’s also essential to regularly inspect and maintain the shotgun’s barrel and choke. Field test the shotgun with steel shot to ensure that it is patterning correctly and not showing signs of damage. After each use, thoroughly clean the shotgun’s barrel and choke to prevent rust and corrosion. By following these guidelines and regularly maintaining the shotgun, you can enjoy safe and successful upland bird hunting with steel shot in your over-under shotgun.