Quick Answer
When applying a tourniquet, maintain a firm grip, ensure the device is not over-tightened, and have someone else monitor the patient's vital signs. This helps prevent further injury. Proper technique is crucial.
Pre-Application Checklist
Before applying a tourniquet, ensure you have a clear understanding of the situation and the equipment. Check the tourniquet for any damage or defects. Identify the closest suitable site for application, taking into account accessibility and the location of major blood vessels. In most cases, the tourniquet should be applied above the wound, on the limb (arm or leg), between the wound and the heart. This usually falls between the axilla and the groin.
Tourniquet Application Technique
To apply a tourniquet correctly, use the following steps: 1. Place the tourniquet around the limb, ensuring the windlass or ratchet is accessible. 2. Hold the tourniquet in place with one hand, and with the other, wrap the cord or strap around the windlass to secure it. 3. Tighten the tourniquet by winding the cord or strap, but do not over-tighten. The goal is to occlude the blood vessels without cutting off vital circulation. In most cases, the tourniquet should be tightened until the bleeding slows to a trickle or stops, or when the desired amount of pressure is achieved, usually measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg).
Monitoring and Adjustments
While the tourniquet is in place, closely monitor the patient’s vital signs and adjust the tourniquet as needed. If the bleeding does not cease or the patient experiences pain, numbness, or tingling in the affected limb, the tourniquet should be loosened or adjusted. This may require assistance from another person. Maintain a record of any changes made to the tourniquet to ensure proper documentation.
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