Quick Answer
When harvesting dogbane, consider the season: in early summer, the plant's sticky sap can make processing more difficult, while in late summer, the stems are more brittle and prone to breakage. Harvesting in mid-summer, when the sap is less sticky, is usually ideal.
Choosing the Right Time
Dogbane (Apocynum cannabinum) is a perennial plant with a long growing season that begins in early spring. However, the optimal time for harvesting its fibers is in mid-summer, when the plant has reached its full height and the stems are at their maximum thickness. This is typically around July or August, depending on your location and climate. During this period, the plant’s sticky sap has begun to dry out, making it easier to process the fibers.
Harvesting Techniques
To harvest dogbane, cut the stems at the base of the plant using sharp pruning shears or a knife. Cut the stems in the morning, when the plant is at its highest moisture content, to make the fibers easier to work with. Harvest the entire stem, or cut it into smaller sections, depending on the desired length of cordage. Remove any leaves or debris from the stems, and then immerse them in water to rehydrate the fibers.
Processing the Fibers
After harvesting and rehydrating the dogbane fibers, remove any excess moisture by twisting and wringing the fibers. This helps to break down the pectins and release the individual fibers. Next, soak the fibers in a solution of water and a natural detergent, such as soapbark or soapwort, to break down any remaining pectins and make the fibers easier to work with. Finally, rinse the fibers thoroughly and dry them in a controlled environment to prevent shrinkage.
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