Quick Answer
To stay warm, aim for a body core temperature of 98°F (36.7°C) and a skin temperature of 50°F (10°C) in cold conditions. This can be achieved with the right combination of clothing layers. A general rule of thumb is to dress in layers that can be added or removed as needed.
Layering Basics
When it comes to cold weather gear, layering is key. This involves wearing multiple layers of clothing to trap warm air and regulate body temperature. A typical cold weather layering system consists of three to four layers: a base layer, mid-layer, and outer layer. The base layer, usually made of moisture-wicking materials, should fit snugly against the skin. The mid-layer, often a fleece jacket or sweater, provides warmth without restricting movement. The outer layer, typically a waterproof and breathable jacket, protects against wind and precipitation.
Cold Weather Ratings
Clothing labels often include cold weather ratings, such as windchill or temperature ratings. Look for clothing with a windchill rating of 0°F (-18°C) or lower for colder conditions. Additionally, consider clothing with a temperature rating of 20°F (-7°C) or lower for extremely cold conditions. When choosing clothing, also consider the type of activity being performed. For example, a jacket with a windchill rating of 0°F (-18°C) may be suitable for hiking, while a jacket with a temperature rating of -20°F (-29°C) may be more suitable for skiing or snowmobiling.
Choosing the Right Materials
When selecting cold weather clothing, consider the type of materials used. Look for clothing made from breathable, moisture-wicking materials such as merino wool, polyester, or nylon. Avoid clothing made from cotton, as it can become heavy and cold when wet. Additionally, consider clothing with a water-repellent treatment, such as Gore-Tex or similar technology. This can help to prevent moisture buildup and keep the wearer dry and warm.
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