Quick Answer
Risks when crossing ice-covered rivers include falling through weak ice, being swept away by strong currents, and hypothermia from prolonged exposure to cold water.
Assessing Ice Conditions
When assessing ice conditions, look for signs of recent water flow, such as dark or discolored ice, and avoid areas with cracks or pressure ridges. Check the ice thickness, ideally with a depth gauge or by drilling a test hole. A minimum of 4 inches (10 cm) of clear ice is recommended for pedestrian use, and 8-12 inches (20-30 cm) for vehicles.
Planning the Crossing
Plan the crossing during the warmest part of the day, when the ice is most likely to be at its thinnest. Consider using a rope or tow line for added stability, and bring a first aid kit, warm clothing, and a means of communication in case of an emergency. If possible, find an alternative route that does not involve ice crossing.
Preparing for an Emergency
In the event of falling through the ice, try to stay calm and avoid thrashing about, which can use up energy and increase the risk of drowning. Reach for a stable object, such as a tree branch or a rock, and attempt to pull yourself to safety. If unable to escape, signal for help and wait for rescue, keeping your head above water to conserve energy.
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