Quick Answer
Hunting elk with a .45-70 can be challenging due to the caliber's relatively slow expansion and limited penetration, which may not be effective against mature elk. The .45-70's velocity and kinetic energy, while sufficient for smaller game, may not be enough to take down larger elk quickly. This can lead to prolonged and potentially hazardous situations.
Limited Penetration
When hunting elk with a .45-70, limited penetration is a significant concern. This caliber is known for its slow expansion, which can result in bullets that break apart or fail to penetrate deeply enough to reach vital organs. To mitigate this issue, hunters should aim for the elk’s heart or lungs, rather than relying on the bullet’s penetration. In some cases, using a bullet with a higher sectional density, such as the 325-grain Speer Gold Dot, can improve penetration.
Reduced Effective Range
The .45-70’s relatively low velocity and kinetic energy also limit its effective range for elk hunting. At longer ranges, the bullet’s expansion and penetration become less reliable, and the risk of a clean kill decreases. To compensate for this, hunters should aim for closer ranges, typically within 100-200 yards, where the bullet’s kinetic energy is still effective. In some cases, using a muzzleloader or a more powerful caliber, such as the .338 Winchester Magnum, may be a better option.
Bullet Selection
When selecting a bullet for elk hunting with a .45-70, hunters should look for options that prioritize expansion and penetration. In addition to the Speer Gold Dot mentioned earlier, bullets like the Hornady 325-grain InterLock and the Nosler 300-grain Partition can offer improved performance in the field. However, it’s essential to note that even with the right bullet, the .45-70 may not be the most effective caliber for large elk, and hunters should be prepared for potentially challenging situations.
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