Quick Answer
Assess snowpack stability by evaluating the snow's layering, looking for signs of instability such as recent wind, rain, or warm temperatures, and using the avalanche forecast to inform your decision.
Evaluating Snowpack Structure
When assessing snowpack stability, it’s essential to evaluate the snow’s layering. Look for the following signs of instability: a hard, icy crust on top of a softer, more powdery base; a recent layer of new snow that’s more than 6 inches thick; or a significant change in temperature over the past 24 hours. Use your ski poles to probe the snow, inserting the pole up to 3 feet deep to check for weak layers. If you encounter resistance or the pole doesn’t penetrate easily, it may indicate a weak spot in the snowpack.
Reading Avalanche Forecast and Conditions
Before heading out, check the local avalanche forecast and conditions. Pay attention to the forecast’s rating, which should indicate the level of avalanche danger. A rating of “high” or “extreme” should prompt you to exercise extreme caution or avoid the area altogether. Additionally, check for recent avalanche activity in the area, looking for signs such as recent slides, recent wind, or recent rain. If you’re unsure about the conditions, consider consulting with a local guide or expert.
Assessing Slope Angle and Aspect
When assessing the slope, consider the angle and aspect. Steeper slopes (over 30 degrees) are more prone to avalanches, especially on north-facing slopes where the snow is typically more moist and unstable. Use a slope meter or your knowledge of the terrain to estimate the slope angle, and be cautious on slopes with an aspect that’s prone to avalanches in the current snow conditions.
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