Quick Answer
Successful grassland restoration is indicated by the presence of native grasses, native wildflowers, and a diverse array of wildlife. These restorations often involve targeted management practices, such as prescribed burning, grazing management, and invasive species control. Successful restorations can see a significant increase in native grass cover, from 20% to 80% or more.
Native Grass Dominance
A successful grassland restoration will often see native warm-season grasses, such as big bluestem and switchgrass, dominate the landscape. These grasses are well-suited to the local climate and soil conditions, and can outcompete invasive species and other non-native vegetation. In a restored prairie, native grasses can account for 80% or more of the total vegetation cover.
Wildlife Habitat Creation
Restored grasslands can provide valuable nesting cover for upland birds, such as the greater prairie chicken and the bobolink. These birds require specific habitat characteristics, including dense nesting cover, open areas for foraging, and a mix of native grasses and wildflowers. Restorers can create this habitat by implementing targeted management practices, such as prescribed burning, which can stimulate the growth of native vegetation and create the open areas needed by upland birds.
Monitoring and Maintenance
To ensure the long-term success of a grassland restoration, it is essential to monitor the site regularly and implement ongoing maintenance activities. This can include prescribed burning, invasive species control, and grazing management. By implementing these practices, restorers can maintain the diversity and health of native vegetation, and ensure that the site continues to provide valuable habitat for upland birds and other wildlife. This can involve burning the site every 2-5 years, depending on the specific conditions and management goals.
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