Quick Answer
To properly seal off and abandon an old well, fill the well with a mixture of cement and aggregate, followed by a layer of concrete or mortar, and then cap the top with a secure cover or sealant. This process prevents collapse and potential contamination.
Filling the Well
Filling an old hand-dug well requires a combination of cement and aggregate, typically a 1:2 to 1:3 ratio of cement to aggregate by volume. Pour the mixture into the well in 1 to 2 foot layers, allowing each layer to set before adding the next. This process helps maintain the structural integrity of the well. It is recommended to fill the well at least 6-8 feet below the surface to prevent collapse.
Capping the Well
Once the well is filled, apply a layer of concrete or mortar to seal the surface. The thickness of this layer should be at least 2-3 inches to ensure a secure seal. Use a tamper or trowel to compact the concrete or mortar, filling any gaps or cracks. This layer will help prevent water and contaminants from entering the well.
Sealing the Top
Finally, apply a secure cover or sealant to the top of the well. This can be a lid, a plate, or a concrete cap, depending on the design and preferences. The cover or sealant should be at least 6 inches deep to prevent objects from being pushed into the well. Use a sealant such as silicone or epoxy to ensure a watertight seal and prevent potential leaks.
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