Quick Answer
For constructing a durable solar still, use materials like plastic containers or PVC pipes, a clear plastic sheet, and a collection vessel. The clear plastic sheet allows sunlight to pass through and heat the water, while the collection vessel catches the condensed water. Wood or metal frames can provide additional support.
Choosing the Right Materials
When selecting materials for a durable solar still, prioritize those that can withstand exposure to sunlight and water. A 5-gallon (19-liter) plastic container or a PVC pipe with a diameter of 1-2 inches (2.5-5 cm) can serve as the base of the still. The container or pipe should be placed in a shallow hole or depression to collect the condensed water.
Assembling the Still
A clear plastic sheet, such as a tarp or a plastic tablecloth, is essential for the solar still’s function. Cover the top of the container or pipe with the plastic sheet, securing it with rocks, weights, or a frame. The clear plastic sheet should be at least 1-2 mils (0.025-0.05 mm) thick to allow sufficient sunlight to pass through.
Additional Considerations
To improve the still’s efficiency, place a dark-colored rock or a piece of aluminum foil at the center of the plastic sheet. This will help absorb heat and increase the temperature difference between the plastic sheet and the surrounding air. A collection vessel, such as a smaller plastic container or a cup, should be placed under the still to collect the condensed water. The collection vessel should be at a lower elevation than the still to ensure gravity-driven water flow.
Find more answers
Browse the full Q&A library by topic, or jump back to the topic this question belongs to.