What considerations should be made for shots beyond 100 yards?

Bullet Drop and Wind Deflection

When shooting beyond 100 yards, bullet drop becomes a significant factor. For a 45-70 Government rifle, the trajectory of a 405-grain bullet at 2,000 fps can drop around 10.5 inches at 200 yards and 25.5 inches at 250 yards. Wind deflection also increases, requiring adjustments of up to 10-15 MOA for a 10 mph crosswind at 200 yards.

Shot Placement and Target Size

Aiming at the lungs or the heart-lung area is crucial for a quick kill. However, at longer ranges, the target size appears smaller, making it essential to aim for a larger area. For elk, a 6-8 inch diameter target is a good aim point at 200 yards. It’s also crucial to consider the vital organs’ position in the animal’s body, taking into account the slight offset caused by the trajectory.

Shooter Stabilization and Rests

Stabilizing the rifle is critical for long-range shooting. A good rest can help minimize movement and improve accuracy. For example, a bipod can reduce movement to around 1/4 MOA, while a shooting stick can reduce it to around 1/2 MOA. It’s also essential to use a consistent shooting position, such as a prone or sitting position, to minimize movement and improve accuracy.