Wilderness Evacuation Priorities — What to Consider?

Assessing Medical Conditions

When assessing a person’s medical condition in a wilderness evacuation, consider their airway, breathing, and circulation (ABCs). Check for signs of shock, such as pale or cool skin, rapid pulse, and shallow breathing. If the person is unconscious, breathing, or showing signs of shock, prioritize their evacuation. For injuries, categorize them as minor (such as cuts or sprains), moderate (such as broken bones or severe lacerations), or severe (such as head trauma or internal injuries). Evacuate the person with the most severe injury first.

Evaluating Environmental Hazards

When evacuating a person from a wilderness area, also consider environmental hazards such as extreme temperatures, inclement weather, and potential hazards like steep terrain or fast-moving water. Take steps to mitigate these hazards, such as seeking shelter from the elements or creating a makeshift splint for a broken limb. If the person is at risk of further injury from their environment, prioritize their evacuation to a safer location.

Evacuation Techniques

When evacuating a person from a wilderness area, use a variety of techniques to move them efficiently and safely. For short distances, use a litter or a makeshift sled, especially if the person is injured or unable to walk. For longer distances, use a stretcher or a pulley system to distribute the person’s weight and reduce the risk of further injury. When navigating steep terrain, use a rope and anchors to create a secure evacuation route.