Best Practices for Rescuing a Victim from Underwater?

Approach and Initial Response

When approaching a victim underwater, it’s essential to enter the water calmly and carefully to avoid panicking the victim further. Always enter the water feet-first and try to position yourself at an angle to the current or waves, if present. If the victim is unconscious, do not try to lift them underwater. Instead, use a flotation device to gently coax them towards you. For victims in cold water, avoid sudden movements, as this can cause cardiac arrest.

Resuscitation and CPR

Once the victim has been brought to the surface, perform a quick assessment of their airway, breathing, and circulation (ABCs). If the victim is not breathing, begin CPR with 30 chest compressions followed by two rescue breaths. For victims who are conscious but struggling to breathe, perform a modified rescue breathing technique, providing one breath every five seconds. In cold water, it’s crucial to focus on rewarming the victim while maintaining CPR.

Flotation Device and Water Rescue Techniques

When using a flotation device to rescue a victim, it’s essential to position yourself at a 45-degree angle to the current or waves. This allows you to stabilize the victim and maintain control of the flotation device. If the victim is wearing a life jacket or Personal Flotation Device (PFD), it’s crucial to avoid inflating it further, as this can cause the victim to become unstable and difficult to manage. In all cases, use a gentle and controlled motion to bring the victim to the surface, avoiding sudden movements or jerks.