Signs of a black bear versus a grizzly bear — how to differentiate?

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Physical Characteristics To differentiate between black bears and grizzly bears, examine the physical characteristics of the bear. Black bears typically weigh between 150-500 pounds and reach lengths of 5-6 feet, while grizzly bears can weigh between 300-700 pounds and reach lengths of 6-9 feet. Note the shape of the bear’s face, with black bears having a straight or slightly concave profile and grizzly bears having a dished-in profile. Additionally, grizzly bears have a prominent shoulder hump, which is less pronounced in black bears.
Behavioral Differences Behavioral differences can also help you distinguish between black bears and grizzly bears. Black bears tend to be more shy and will often run away when they sense human presence. Grizzly bears, on the other hand, can be more aggressive and will stand their ground when they feel threatened. If a grizzly bear makes contact with you, it may swat at you with its paws or bite if it feels threatened. In contrast, black bears may swat at you, but they are less likely to use their teeth.
Signs of Aggression Watch for signs of aggression in both black bears and grizzly bears. If a bear stands on its hind legs, it is often a sign of curiosity rather than aggression. However, if the bear takes a step back and lowers its head, it may be preparing to charge. If you see a bear with its hackles raised, its ears laid back, or its teeth bared, it is likely feeling aggressive. In this case, make yourself look as large as possible and try to slowly back away without running. If the bear continues to approach, use bear spray or other deterrents to protect yourself.