Quick Answer
A properly applied tourniquet can control severe bleeding from an arm or leg, but it should only be used as a last resort when bleeding cannot be controlled by other means. The tourniquet should be tightened to a pressure of approximately 250-300 mmHg. This should be done with caution to avoid cutting off circulation to the limb permanently.
Choosing the Correct Tourniquet
When selecting a tourniquet, choose one that is specifically designed for medical use and meets the requirements of the Committee on Tactical Combat Casualty Care (C-CLCC). The CAT (Combat Application Tourniquet) or SOF-TT are examples of tourniquets that meet these standards. These tourniquets are easy to apply and have a windlass that allows for precise control over the amount of pressure applied.
Applying the Tourniquet
To apply the tourniquet, follow these steps:
- Identify the location of the femoral artery in the leg or the brachial artery in the arm.
- Place the tourniquet over the artery, ensuring that it is centered and the windlass is engaged.
- Tighten the tourniquet to a pressure of 250-300 mmHg, or until bleeding stops.
- Secure the tourniquet in place with tape or a strap to prevent it from coming loose.
Special Considerations
When applying a tourniquet, it is essential to be aware of the risks of long-term damage to the affected limb. Tourniquets should only be used for a maximum of two hours, and the limb should be checked regularly for signs of ischemic damage, such as pallor, pulselessness, and poikilothermia. If the tourniquet is left in place for an extended period, it may be necessary to amputate the affected limb to prevent further damage.
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