What Strategies Help Combat Invasive Grass Species?

Understanding the Threat of Invasive Grasses

Invasive grass species, such as big bluestem and switchgrass, can outcompete native grasses and alter ecosystem dynamics. These species can be particularly problematic for upland bird populations, which rely on native grasses for nesting cover and habitat. In the United States, for example, invasive grass species have been linked to declines in grassland bird populations, including species such as the greater prairie-chicken and the dickcissel.

Controlling Invasive Grasses through Mowing and Spraying

Mowing and spraying are two common techniques used to control invasive grass species. Mowing can be effective for controlling small infestations, but repeated mowing can be labor-intensive and may not be effective for large-scale infestations. Spraying can be more effective, particularly for larger infestations, but requires careful consideration of herbicide type and timing to minimize impact on native species.

Restoring Native Grasses through CRP and Planting

The Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) provides financial incentives to landowners to plant native grasses and restore habitat for upland bird species. Planting native grasses, such as little bluestem and indiangrass, can be an effective way to replace invasive grasses and restore ecosystem function. For example, a study in the Great Plains found that planting native grasses resulted in a 50% increase in nesting cover for grassland birds.