Can sunlight angles mitigate shading issues for solar arrays?

Understanding Shading Issues

Shading is a common problem for solar arrays, especially in areas with nearby trees, buildings, or other obstructions. It can significantly reduce the energy output of solar panels, making it essential to mitigate shading issues. One technique to minimize shading is to install solar panels at an optimal angle that takes into account the sun’s movement throughout the year.

Calculating Optimal Angle

The optimal angle for a solar array varies depending on the location and the time of year. In general, the optimal angle is between 20° and 40°, with 30° being a commonly recommended value. For example, in a location with a latitude of 40°, the optimal angle would be around 30°. However, this angle may need to be adjusted to account for seasonal variations. In the summer, the optimal angle may be higher (around 35°) to take advantage of the longer days, while in the winter, it may be lower (around 25°) to maximize energy output during the shorter days.

Designing a Shading-Mitigating Solar Array

To design a shading-mitigating solar array, it’s essential to consider the layout and orientation of the solar panels. One technique is to use a “tilt-and- tracking” system, where the solar panels are installed at a fixed angle, but can also be adjusted to follow the sun’s movement throughout the day. This system can be more expensive than a fixed-tilt system, but it can significantly improve energy output in areas with high shading potential. Another technique is to use a “bifacial” solar panel, which can absorb light from both the front and back sides, increasing energy output in areas with partial shading.