Is sheltering in place safer than evacuation during a chemical event?

Chemical Exposure Risks and Shelter-in-Place Planning

When a chemical event occurs, the primary concern is exposure to the toxic substance. The risks associated with chemical exposure include skin contact, inhalation, and ingestion. Sheltering in place can reduce the risk of exposure, but it requires a well-planned and executed strategy. This includes sealing all openings to the shelter, using HEPA air filters, and having a sufficient supply of water, food, and medical equipment.

Shelter-in-Place Techniques and Supplies

To create a safe shelter-in-place environment, residents should identify a sealed room or area with minimal ventilation. This room should be equipped with a HEPA air filter, which can remove up to 99.97% of particles as small as 0.3 microns. Residents should also have a sufficient supply of water (at least 1 gallon per person per day for 3 days), non-perishable food, and medical equipment, including gloves, masks, and eye protection. In addition, residents should seal all openings to the room, including windows, doors, and vents, using duct tape, plastic sheeting, or other materials.

Evacuation Considerations and Protocols

Evacuation may be necessary if the situation worsens or if there is no safe shelter available. In this case, residents should follow established evacuation protocols, including staying informed through official communication channels, such as emergency alerts and local news. Residents should also have a plan for alternate shelters, including friends’ or family members’ homes, community centers, or other safe locations. During evacuation, residents should wear protective clothing, including gloves, masks, and eye protection, and should avoid touching their faces and eyes to minimize exposure.