Are There Safe Ways to Purify Water from Puddles?

Filtering with Sand and Charcoal

To create a simple filter, start by digging a hole about 12 inches deep. Fill the bottom with 2-3 inches of charcoal and 2-3 inches of sand. Add a layer of small rocks on top of the sand. Pour water into the hole, allowing it to seep through the layers, and collect it in a container. While effective, this method may not remove all contaminants, especially viruses.

Solar Water Purification

For a more efficient method, use a solar still. Dig a shallow hole and place a container in the center. Fill a small hole with water, and cover it with a clear plastic sheet. Weigh down the edges with rocks and create a slope to direct the sunlight onto the plastic. As the water evaporates, it will condense on the underside of the plastic and drip into the container below. This method can remove up to 99% of bacteria and viruses.