Quick Answer
It is not safe to take shelter in a building during a tsunami unless it is specifically designed and constructed to withstand tsunami waves, usually with a height of at least 10 meters above the base flood elevation. Even then, evacuation to higher ground is still recommended. Other hazards like flooding and structural failure must also be considered.
Structural Integrity
When assessing a building for tsunami shelter, look for features such as reinforced walls and foundations, a secure roof, and a sturdy door that can withstand high water pressure. A building with a low floor elevation and a non-reinforced foundation is unlikely to be safe during a tsunami. Consider the building’s proximity to the coastline and surrounding topography.
Evacuation vs Shelter
While some buildings may appear safe, evacuation to higher ground is still the recommended course of action during a tsunami warning. Tsunami waves can travel inland and affect areas far from the coastline, and buildings may not be able to withstand the full force of the wave. If you are in a building and a tsunami warning has been issued, do not wait to evacuate – move immediately to higher ground or a designated evacuation zone.
Warning Signs and Response
During a tsunami warning, be aware of the following warning signs: a sudden withdrawal of the ocean, a loud roar or rumble, or a sudden change in water level. If you are in a building and experience any of these signs, do not wait – immediately seek higher ground or a designated evacuation zone. If you are in a building and cannot evacuate, go to an upper floor or the roof, but be aware that this is not a safe long-term refuge.
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