Do agrivoltaic systems create competition for land use?

Limited Land Use Competition

Agrivoltaic systems can be designed to minimize competition for land use by placing solar panels on existing agricultural infrastructure, such as over farmland, orchards, or vineyards. For example, in the United States, researchers at the University of Massachusetts Amherst found that agrivoltaic systems on farmland can produce 10-20% more electricity than a conventional solar array while maintaining crop yields. This approach also reduces land fragmentation and the need for new land acquisition.

Flexible Design Options

Agrivoltaic system designs vary in terms of panel density, orientation, and tracking systems. By choosing a design that balances solar panel density with crop requirements, farmers and developers can minimize land use competition. For instance, the French company Cenergine has developed an agrivoltaic system that uses a density of 4-6 panels per 100 square meters, allowing for a mix of crops and solar panels. This flexible approach enables the integration of solar energy into existing agricultural practices.

Co-Benefits for Farmers

In addition to generating electricity, agrivoltaic systems can provide co-benefits for farmers, such as improved crop yields, reduced soil erosion, and increased biodiversity. By using solar panels to create a shaded microclimate, farmers can maintain soil moisture, suppress weeds, and control pests. Agrivoltaic systems can also serve as a natural barrier against extreme weather events, such as hail or strong winds. These co-benefits can enhance the overall productivity and resilience of agricultural operations, reducing competition for land use and increasing the economic viability of agrivoltaic systems.