Quick Answer
Identify burn areas that require immediate care by looking for third-degree burns, which appear charred or white, and second-degree burns, which are red and blistered. Check for signs of shock, such as rapid heartbeat, low blood pressure, and cool skin. If you notice any of these symptoms, seek medical help immediately.
Assessing Burn Severity
When assessing burn severity, use the “Rule of Nines” to estimate the total body surface area (TBSA) affected. Divide the body into sections: head and neck (9%), chest and abdomen (9%), back (18%), each arm (9%), each leg (18%), and genital area (1%). Calculate the percentage of TBSA affected by estimating the area of each burned section.
Identifying Burn Types
To identify burn types, look for the following characteristics:
- First-degree burns: red, swollen skin that is painful to the touch
- Second-degree burns: red skin with blisters, often painful to the touch
- Third-degree burns: charred, white, or leathery skin, often painless due to nerve damage
- Fourth-degree burns: extend through all layers of the skin and underlying tissues, often appearing as a charred or blackened area
Treating Burns
For minor burns (less than 10% TBSA), cool the area with cold water for 10-15 minutes. Cover the burn with a non-stick dressing or bandage. Do not apply ointments, creams, or butter. Monitor for signs of infection, such as redness, swelling, or increased pain. For more severe burns, seek medical attention immediately.
Find more answers
Browse the full Q&A library by topic, or jump back to the topic this question belongs to.