Quick Answer
The size limit on outdoor wood boilers varies by state and locality, so it's essential to check with your local authorities for specific regulations. Typically, these limits are measured by the boiler's BTU output, fuel capacity, or emissions standards.
State and Local Regulations
Outdoor wood boiler (OWB) size limits are determined by state and local regulations, which can be complex and often change. To find the specific regulations in your area, contact your state’s Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) or local government office. They can provide information on BTU output limits, fuel capacity restrictions, and emissions standards that apply to OWBs in your area.
Measuring OWB Size
When evaluating an OWB’s size, consider its BTU output, which measures the heat it produces in British Thermal Units (BTUs) per hour. A typical residential OWB might have a BTU output of 20,000-50,000 BTUs per hour, while larger commercial models can produce 100,000-200,000 BTUs per hour or more. Some states also regulate OWB fuel capacity, which can be limited to a certain number of gallons or pounds.
Complying with Emissions Standards
In addition to size limits, OWBs must also comply with emissions standards, such as those set by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The EPA’s Clean Air Act sets standards for particulate matter (PM), carbon monoxide (CO), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emissions from OWBs. To comply with these standards, OWBs must use emissions-reducing technologies, such as catalytic converters or particulate matter filters, and burn wood with low moisture content to minimize smoke and emissions.
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