Quick Answer
Your bow keeps coming apart due to improper tillering, weak stave selection, or inadequate sinew backing, resulting in uneven stress distribution and wood failure.
Choosing the Right Stave
When selecting a stave, look for straight, parallel grain patterns and avoid any signs of knots, twists, or other imperfections. A good stave should be harvested from a mature tree during the winter season when the sap is dormant. Aim for a stave that is 2-3 inches in diameter and 60-72 inches long, with a weight of around 1-2 pounds. Store the stave in a dry environment for at least six months to allow it to season and reduce moisture content.
Tillering and Shaping
Tillering involves shaping the stave to create a consistent, smooth curve. To do this, use a drawknife or spokeshave to carefully remove wood from the back of the stave, gradually increasing the depth and shape of the bow until it reaches the desired profile. For a recurved bow, the tiller should be around 1/4 inch deeper at the center than at the tips, with a smooth, continuous curve. Use a straightedge and a pencil to mark the shape of the bow, then carefully remove the excess wood.
Sinew Backing and Stringing
To add strength and stability to the bow, apply a sinew backing to the back of the stave. Soak the sinew in water until it becomes pliable, then apply it to the bow using a brush or a piece of cloth. Allow the sinew to dry completely before stringing the bow. Use a bowstring made from natural fibers such as flax or yew, with a minimum of 20-25 strands and a length of 40-50 inches. Adjust the string tension carefully to avoid over-stressing the bow, which can cause it to come apart.
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