Quick Answer
Hailstones can cause significant damage to the glass surface of solar panels, leading to cracks, breaks, and even complete shattering of the panels. The extent of damage depends on the size of the hailstones and the velocity of the hail storm. Smaller hailstones may cause minor scratches, while larger hailstones can cause more severe damage.
Understanding Hail Damage to Solar Panels
Hail damage to solar panels is a significant concern, particularly for off-grid systems where maintenance may be more challenging. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) reports that hail diameter of 1 inch (2.5 cm) or larger can cause significant damage to solar panels. In a study, NREL found that a 1-inch hailstone can cause a crack in a solar panel if it hits the panel at a velocity of 50 mph (80 km/h). To mitigate hail damage, some solar panels are designed with a hail impact test rating, which can withstand hailstones up to a certain diameter and velocity.
Assessing and Repairing Hail Damage
Assessing hail damage to solar panels requires a thorough inspection, including visual examination and potentially, destructive testing. To repair hail damage, the affected panel may need to be replaced, which can be costly. A technique called “solar panel restoration” is also available, where the damaged panel is repaired and refurbished to restore its original performance. This technique can be more cost-effective than replacing the panel entirely, but it may not be suitable for all types of damage.
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