Quick Answer
In the US, biomass cookstoves are governed by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) under the Clean Air Act, with specific regulations on emissions and particulate matter. The US EPA sets standards for residential wood heaters, including biomass cookstoves. Compliance varies by state and jurisdiction.
Regulatory Framework
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulates biomass cookstoves under the Clean Air Act, setting standards for emissions and particulate matter (PM). The EPA’s New Source Performance Standards (NSPS) for residential wood heaters, including biomass cookstoves, requires a particulate matter limit of 7.5 grams per billion cubic feet (g/Bt). This standard is enforced through the EPA’s New Source Review (NSR) program.
Testing and Certification
Biomass cookstoves must undergo testing and certification to ensure compliance with EPA regulations. The EPA-approved testing protocol involves measuring particulate matter emissions using a 0.3-micrometer particulate matter (PM0.3) analyzer. Manufacturers must also demonstrate compliance with the EPA’s emissions standards for volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbon monoxide (CO), and other pollutants. The EPA’s Certified Emissions Reduction (CER) program validates the emissions performance of certified biomass cookstoves.
State and Local Regulations
In addition to EPA regulations, state and local governments may impose their own requirements on biomass cookstove use and emissions. For example, some states have implemented their own particulate matter standards, while others have established specific requirements for biomass cookstove installation and maintenance. Homeowners and businesses must comply with these regulations, which may vary depending on the jurisdiction and specific circumstances.
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