Quick Answer
Digging a well near a water source is generally not recommended due to the potential for contamination and decreased water quality. It's essential to identify a safe and reliable water source, such as a well or spring, at least 100 feet away from any watercourse or potential source of contamination.
Choosing a Safe Location
When searching for a suitable location to dig a well, it’s crucial to avoid areas that may be prone to contamination. This includes sites with high levels of agricultural runoff, near septic systems, or beneath areas with a history of chemical spills. A safe distance of at least 100 feet from any watercourse, such as a river or stream, is recommended. Additionally, it’s essential to be aware of the surrounding geology, as areas with high levels of soluble rocks like limestone or dolomite may be more susceptible to water infiltration and contamination.
Drilling and Testing Techniques
Once a suitable location has been identified, drilling a well can begin. The recommended drilling method is to use a rotary drilling technique, which involves using a rotating drill bit to penetrate the earth. This method is more efficient and effective than percussion drilling. When drilling, it’s essential to collect water samples at various depths to test for pH levels, turbidity, and bacterial contamination. This will help determine the quality of the water and whether it’s safe for consumption. The American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) recommends collecting water samples at depths of 20, 50, and 100 feet below the surface.
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