What Happens When An EPIRB Is Activated At Sea?

Activation and Signal Transmission

When an Emergency Position-Indicating Radio Beacon (EPIRB) is activated, it sends a distress signal to emergency responders via a satellite network. This signal is received by satellites in orbit, which then forward the information to a Rescue Coordination Center (RCC). The RCC uses this information to initiate a search and rescue operation. The EPIRB signal includes the location of the vessel and the identity of the emergency.

Search and Rescue Response

The RCC dispatches rescue teams and aircraft to the location of the distress signal. The search area is typically a 50-nautical-mile radius around the reported position, although this can be adjusted based on the circumstances. In a typical search, aircraft will be equipped with radar, GPS, and other sensors to locate the vessel. Once the vessel is located, rescue teams will be deployed to assist the survivors.

EPIRB Specifications and Guidelines

EPIRBs operate on specific frequencies and use specific protocols to transmit distress signals. The 406 MHz frequency is used for international distress signals, while the 121.5 MHz frequency is used for local distress signals. EPIRBs are certified by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). It is essential to register the EPIRB with the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) to ensure accurate tracking and to facilitate the search and rescue operation.