Quick Answer
In a survival situation, prioritize injuries that compromise breathing, circulation, and basic bodily functions. These include severe chest wounds, severe bleeding, and head injuries such as concussions and skull fractures. Tend to these injuries first to prevent further complications.
Life-Threatening Injuries
When evaluating an injured person in a survival situation, focus on the ABCs: Airway, Breathing, and Circulation. Assess the airway by looking for signs of obstruction, such as difficulty breathing or unconsciousness. If you identify an obstruction, clear the airway using the technique of tilting the head back and lifting the chin to open the airway. Next, check for breathing by feeling for breath on your cheek or using a stethoscope to listen for breath sounds. If the person is not breathing, begin CPR using 30 chest compressions followed by two breaths.
Severe Bleeding Control
Severe bleeding can lead to shock and death if not controlled. Identify the source of bleeding and apply direct pressure using a clean cloth or gauze. Elevate the injured limb above heart level to reduce blood flow to the area. If the bleeding does not stop after 10-15 minutes of pressure, apply a tourniquet above the injury site. Be cautious not to apply too tight a tourniquet, as this can cut off blood flow to the limb altogether.
Head Injuries
Concussions and skull fractures are serious head injuries that require immediate attention. Monitor the person for signs of concussion, such as confusion, dizziness, and loss of consciousness. If the person is unconscious or shows signs of a skull fracture, immobilize the head and neck using a cervical collar. Do not move the person unless absolutely necessary, as this can exacerbate the injury. In a survival situation, prioritize finding medical help or shelter to prevent further complications.
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