Quick Answer
To equalize cold batteries, a higher voltage than normal is applied, typically 16.5 volts for 12-volt batteries, which is 1.375 volts per cell, for 30 minutes to 2 hours.
Voltage Adjustment Technique
When equalizing cold batteries, it’s crucial to apply a higher voltage than normal to ensure the sulfur crystals on the negative plates break down. For 12-volt batteries, this involves applying 16.5 volts, which translates to 1.375 volts per cell. This higher voltage is typically applied for 30 minutes to 2 hours.
Equalization Charge Parameters
The parameters for an equalization charge are as follows: voltage - 16.5 volts for 12-volt batteries, duration - 30 minutes to 2 hours, and current - limited to 10% of the battery’s C20 capacity. It’s essential to monitor the battery temperature during equalization, as excessive heat can cause damage. Typically, the temperature should not exceed 120-130°F (49-54°C).
Precautions and Safety Considerations
When equalizing cold batteries, it’s essential to take necessary safety precautions. Make sure the batteries are disconnected from the electrical system and any loads. Use a high-current-capacity equalization charger or a high-wattage power supply. Also, ensure the battery terminals are clean and free from corrosion. Never equalize a battery that is deeply discharged, as this can cause permanent damage. Always follow the manufacturer’s guidelines for equalization, as the specific requirements may vary.
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