.308 Winchester vs. .30-06 for deer hunting — which is better?

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Ballistic Comparison When comparing the two cartridges, the .308 Winchester has a slightly lower muzzle velocity than the .30-06 Springfield, but it also has a more aerodynamic bullet profile. This results in less wind drift and more consistent accuracy at longer ranges. For example, a 150-grain .308 Winchester bullet can reach a velocity of around 2,700 feet per second, while a 150-grain .30-06 Springfield bullet reaches a velocity of around 2,900 feet per second.
Hunting Scenario In terms of hunting scenarios, the .308 Winchester is particularly well-suited for hunting deer at longer ranges, such as 200-300 yards. At these distances, the .308 Winchester’s more aerodynamic bullet profile helps to ensure a more accurate shot, while its slightly better expansion and penetration help to ensure a clean and humane kill. For hunting at closer ranges, such as 100-200 yards, either cartridge is suitable.
Practical Considerations Practically speaking, the choice between the .308 Winchester and .30-06 Springfield often comes down to the shooter’s personal preference and the specific rifle they are using. If you already have a .308 Winchester rifle, there’s no need to switch to a .30-06 Springfield. However, if you’re building a new rifle or upgrading an existing one, the .308 Winchester may be a better choice for deer hunting due to its slightly better expansion and penetration.