Quick Answer
Drinking water treated with chlorine is generally considered safe in the short-term, but long-term consumption may lead to health concerns due to the potential accumulation of byproducts.
Risks Associated with Long-Term Chlorine Consumption
Chlorine is commonly used as a disinfectant in water treatment due to its ability to kill bacteria, viruses, and other microorganisms. However, when chlorine reacts with organic matter in water, it forms byproducts such as trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs). These byproducts have been linked to an increased risk of cancer, reproductive issues, and other health problems.
Exposure Limits and Guidelines
The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has established a maximum allowable level of 100 parts per billion (ppb) for THMs and 60 ppb for HAA5 in drinking water. However, some studies suggest that even at these levels, long-term exposure to chlorine byproducts may still pose health risks. For example, a study published in the journal Environmental Health Perspectives found that drinking water containing 80 ppb of THMs was associated with a 10% increased risk of bladder cancer.
Mitigating Risks through Alternative Disinfection Methods
If you’re concerned about the risks associated with chlorine-treated water, consider using alternative disinfection methods such as ultraviolet (UV) light or ozone treatment. These methods can be just as effective as chlorine in killing microorganisms, but they produce fewer byproducts. Additionally, you can also take steps to reduce your exposure to chlorine byproducts by using a water filter that is certified to remove these contaminants. For example, a filter with a pore size of 0.2 microns or smaller can effectively remove THMs and HAA5 from drinking water.
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