What to do if a lithium battery catches fire in a vehicle?

Understanding the Risks of Lithium Battery Fires

Lithium battery fires are a serious concern due to the highly flammable and potentially explosive nature of lithium. In a vehicle, this can lead to devastating consequences, including serious injury or death. According to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), lithium batteries are responsible for an increasing number of vehicle fires. When a lithium battery catches fire, the risk of explosion and fire spread increases rapidly.

Safe Response Procedures

To respond to a lithium battery fire in a vehicle, it’s essential to act quickly and with caution. If you witness or suspect a lithium battery fire, evacuate the vehicle immediately. This is the most critical step in preventing serious injury or death. If the fire is confined to the battery and not spreading to other parts of the vehicle, it may be possible to use a fire extinguisher rated for Class D fires, such as a dry chemical extinguisher. However, be aware that water is not effective in extinguishing lithium battery fires, as it can cause the fire to spread or lead to an explosion. In fact, the NFPA warns against using water on lithium fires. If you do not have access to a Class D fire extinguisher, use water to cool the battery, but do so with caution and from a safe distance.

Precautions for Emergency Responders

If emergency responders are called to the scene, they should exercise extreme caution when approaching the vehicle. Lithium battery fires can be unpredictable and may lead to an explosion. Responders should wear proper personal protective equipment (PPE), including fire-resistant clothing and a self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). If the fire is still burning, they should use a fire extinguisher rated for Class D fires or a dry chemical extinguisher to extinguish the flames. In all cases, responders should prioritize their safety and the safety of others.