Quick Answer
Performing the Heimlich maneuver incorrectly can cause more harm than good, including rib fractures, lung damage, and even death. The risk is higher if the rescuer applies too much force or uses the wrong technique. In some cases, incorrect application can also lead to a dislocated or fractured jaw.
Incorrect Technique Risks
The Heimlich maneuver is a lifesaving technique, but it requires proper execution to avoid causing harm. If the rescuer applies too much pressure, they can cause rib fractures, which can lead to pneumonia, internal bleeding, or even death. The American Heart Association recommends using the correct technique, with the rescuer standing behind the person choking and wrapping their arms around the person’s waist.
Force and Pressure Considerations
The force applied during the Heimlich maneuver should be gentle yet firm. It’s essential to avoid using excessive force, which can lead to rib fractures or other injuries. The rescuer should aim to press their fist into the person’s abdomen, just above the belly button, with a force of about 10-15 cm (4-6 inches) of pressure. This is typically enough force to dislodge the object causing the choking.
Other Risks and Considerations
Other risks associated with the Heimlich maneuver include jaw dislocation or fracture from improper technique, as well as internal injuries from the force applied. It’s also essential to note that the Heimlich maneuver is not suitable for all ages or situations, particularly infants and young children. In these cases, a different rescue technique, such as the backslap or the chest thrust, may be more effective and safer.
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