How to Treat Shock in a Wilderness Environment?

Assessing and Addressing the Cause

When treating shock in a wilderness environment, it’s crucial to identify and address the underlying cause as quickly as possible. Check for signs of severe injuries, such as deep wounds or internal bleeding, and apply basic life-saving techniques like the application of a tourniquet (CAT or SOF-T) to control bleeding. If you suspect internal bleeding or severe dehydration, administer a dose of 10-20 mL/kg of IV fluid, but only if you have the necessary training and equipment.

Providing a Calm and Comfortable Environment

Create a calm and comfortable environment by moving the individual to a shaded area and elevating their legs 12-18 inches to reduce blood flow to the legs. Remove any constrictive clothing and apply a warm, dry blanket to help retain body heat. Administer oxygen if available, and provide reassurance to the individual.

Administering Medications and Stabilizing Vital Signs

Administer medications such as epinephrine or vasopressors only if you have the necessary training and equipment. Monitor the individual’s vital signs, including heart rate, blood pressure, and respiratory rate, and adjust treatment accordingly. Administer IV fluid to stabilize blood pressure, but be cautious not to overhydrate, as this can worsen the situation. If available, use a pulse oximeter to monitor oxygen saturation and adjust oxygen therapy accordingly.