Quick Answer
Different wads can significantly affect turkey shot patterns by altering the spread and velocity of the shot charge. Copper-plated lead shot and non-toxic wads can produce tighter, more consistent spreads, while older-style lead shot may create larger, more unpredictable patterns. The most critical factor in determining shot pattern consistency is the type of wad used.
Wad Types and Their Effects
Copper-plated lead shot is often used with larger, more traditional wads like the Federal Field and Stream or Remington HD Core-Lokt. These wads typically have thick, heavy construction and are designed to hold the shot charge together at longer ranges. For example, the Remington HD Core-Lokt has a 1 1/8-inch thick wad, making it ideal for turkey hunting at 40 yards or more. At closer ranges, a smaller, more specialized wad like the Federal Flight Control or Hevi-Shot’s own Hevishot wad can produce tighter, more consistent spreads.
Shot Charge and Range
Shot charge weight and the type of wad used are critical factors in determining shot pattern consistency at varying ranges. A heavier shot charge (e.g., 1 1/8 oz) is typically more effective at longer ranges (40+ yards), while a lighter charge (e.g., 1 oz) is better suited for closer shots (20-30 yards). Shot charge size and wad type should be matched to the specific range and desired pattern. For example, a 1 oz shot charge with a Hevi-Shot wad may produce a 20-inch spread at 20 yards, while a 1 1/8 oz charge with a Remington HD Core-Lokt wad may produce a 25-inch spread at 40 yards.
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