Is a Storm Cellar Safer Than a Tornado Shelter Above Ground?

The Safety of Underground Storm Cellars

A storm cellar is a below-ground shelter that can significantly reduce the risk of injury or death from tornadoes. Ideally, a storm cellar should be built at a depth of 6-8 feet below ground level, with a reinforced concrete slab, walls, and ceiling. This design provides the necessary protection against wind-borne debris and flying rocks that can cause severe damage to structures above ground.

Tornado Shelter Options Above Ground

Tornado shelters above ground, on the other hand, can be designed to be safe but often require additional features to withstand the intense forces of a tornado. These shelters might be built with reinforced steel or concrete, and may include features like anchoring systems to prevent the structure from being lifted or moved. However, even with these features, above-ground shelters can still be compromised by flying debris or soil collapse.

Safety Considerations for Mobile Homes and Outdoor Areas

Mobile homes offer little to no protection from tornadoes, and occupants should seek shelter in a nearby building or lie in a low-lying area, such as a depression or ditch, and cover their heads with their hands. Outdoor areas, such as golf courses or parking lots, provide little to no protection from tornadoes and can be particularly hazardous due to the lack of cover from wind-borne debris. In the aftermath of a tornado, occupants should exercise extreme caution when approaching damaged structures and be aware of potential hazards like downed power lines, sharp debris, and contaminated water.