Quick Answer
When using the .45-70 for elk and bear hunting, common mistakes include using the wrong load, not accounting for bullet expansion, and relying too heavily on the rifle's penetration rather than its kinetic energy. This can lead to suboptimal performance and reduced effectiveness. Understanding the rifle's limitations is crucial.
Overpenetration and Bullet Expansion
The .45-70 is known for its ability to penetrate deep, but it’s essential to understand that this comes at the cost of potential bullet expansion. When hunting elk and bear, you want a bullet that expands quickly and reliably to maximize damage. The 300-grain Speer Gold Dot load, for example, is a good choice, as it expands to 0.625 inches in diameter at 1,200 feet per second. This is crucial, as overpenetration can occur with slower-expanding bullets, leading to reduced effectiveness.
Choosing the Right Load
The .45-70 is available in a range of loads, but not all are suitable for elk and bear hunting. A 300-grain bullet at 1,800 feet per second is a good starting point, but it’s essential to consider the specific load’s kinetic energy and bullet design. The Remington Express load, for example, has a lower kinetic energy than the Speer Gold Dot, but its bullet design is optimized for expansion.
Understanding the Rifle’s Capabilities
The .45-70 is a powerful rifle, but it’s not invincible. Understanding its limitations and capabilities is crucial for effective hunting. The rifle’s penetration can be a double-edged sword, as it may allow the bullet to pass through an elk or bear without causing sufficient damage. This is why it’s essential to aim for vital organs and use a bullet that expands quickly and reliably.
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