Does Type Of Rock Affect Arrowhead Durability?

Rock Properties and Durability

When it comes to flintknapping, the properties of the rock used have a significant impact on the durability of the final product. Hardness, density, and fracture pattern are key factors to consider. For example, quartz and obsidian are often used to make arrowheads due to their high hardness (Mohs hardness scale of 7) and density, which results in a more durable edge.

Percussion vs. Pressure Flaking

The method of flintknapping also affects the durability of the arrowhead. Percussion flintknapping, which involves striking the rock with a hammerstone, can be more forgiving and produce arrowheads with a more rugged edge. In contrast, pressure flaking, which involves applying pressure to the rock to remove small flakes, can result in a sharper edge but is more susceptible to damage. To improve durability, arrowheads made using percussion flintknapping can be further refined using pressure flaking to remove small imperfections.

Edge Retention Techniques

To enhance the durability of an arrowhead, several edge retention techniques can be employed. One common method is to use a technique called “steep edge sharpening,” which involves sharpening the edge to a steep angle (typically 20-30 degrees) to reduce the likelihood of chipping. Another technique is to “back-flake” the edge, removing small flakes from the back of the arrowhead to create a more stable edge. By employing these techniques, arrowheads can be made more durable and resistant to wear and tear.