Symptoms of backcountry-related diarrhea — what should I look for?

Recognizing Symptoms

Backcountry-related diarrhea can be caused by contaminated water, food, or improper hygiene. Recognizing its symptoms is crucial for taking prompt action and preventing dehydration. Watery, loose stools are a hallmark of diarrhea, often accompanied by abdominal cramps, which can range from mild to severe. Bowel movements may occur frequently, sometimes every 15-20 minutes. Other symptoms to watch out for include nausea, vomiting, and fever, which can be signs of a more serious infection.

Managing Diarrhea in the Backcountry

If you or a companion is experiencing backcountry-related diarrhea, it is essential to take steps to prevent dehydration. The goal is to replace lost fluids and electrolytes. Aim to drink at least 8-10 ounces of an oral rehydration solution (ORS) every 20-30 minutes. A homemade ORS can be made by mixing 1/2 teaspoon of salt and 1/4 teaspoon of baking soda in 1 liter of water. You can also consume foods high in electrolytes, such as bananas (potassium), avocados (potassium), and coconut water (electrolytes). Rest and avoid strenuous activities to allow the body to recover.

Prevention is Key

Preventing backcountry-related diarrhea in the first place is always the best approach. This can be achieved by practicing proper hygiene, such as washing hands frequently with soap and water. Ensure that water is purified or treated before consumption. Avoid eating undercooked or raw foods, especially meats and fish, which can harbor bacteria like E. coli and Salmonella. When selecting food, opt for high-energy, lightweight options that are less likely to spoil, such as energy bars, nuts, and dried fruits. By taking these precautions, you can minimize the risk of developing diarrhea in the backcountry.