Quick Answer
Effective methods for signaling for help while in water include using brightly colored objects, creating smoke with a waterproof match or lighter, and staying afloat in a visible position. A personal locator beacon (PLB) is also an option. This can increase the chances of being spotted by rescuers.
Signaling Devices and Objects
When swept downstream, signaling devices can be your best chance of alerting rescuers. A brightly colored life jacket or personal flotation device (PFD) is a good starting point. Other objects like orange flags, flares, or even a brightly colored shirt can be used to create a visible signal. The International Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue (IAMSAR) Manual recommends using a device that can be seen from at least 10 nautical miles away.
Creating a Visible Position
To increase visibility, stay afloat in a visible position, such as with your head and arms above water. If you’re in a group, stay together to make it easier for rescuers to spot you. Consider using a signaling mirror to reflect sunlight towards any aircraft or vessels in the area. This can be especially effective if you’re in an area with frequent air traffic.
Additional Considerations
When signaling in water, consider the environment around you. If you’re near a coastline or riverbank, create a smoke signal during the day to alert rescuers. A waterproof match or lighter can be used to create a smoke signal that can be seen from a distance. Be prepared to stay in your signaling position until help arrives, and try to conserve energy to avoid exhaustion.
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