Should Native Plant Species Be Used Exclusively In Grass Restoration?

Native Plant Selection

When restoring grasslands for upland birds, a mix of native plant species is crucial for providing diverse habitats and food sources. For warm-season grass restoration, species like big bluestem, indiangrass, and switchgrass are ideal for nesting cover. These species can be used in combination to achieve a more resilient ecosystem. For example, a mix of 60% big bluestem, 20% indiangrass, and 20% switchgrass can provide a balanced habitat for upland birds. Consider using at least 6-8 native plant species in total to maximize biodiversity.

Habitat Structure and Diversity

Native plant species can be used in various structural forms, including low-growing grasses, medium-height grasses, and tall grasses. Incorporating different heights and densities can create a layered habitat that supports a wide range of bird species. For example, using a mix of 30% low-growing grasses (less than 12 inches tall), 40% medium-height grasses (12-36 inches tall), and 30% tall grasses (greater than 36 inches tall) can create a diverse and resilient habitat. This structure can also be used in conjunction with other habitat features, such as native shrubs or trees, to create a more complex ecosystem.

Maintenance and Management

Restoring and maintaining native grasslands requires regular management practices, including controlled burns, mowing, and grazing. These practices can be used to maintain habitat diversity and promote the growth of native plant species. For example, conducting controlled burns in late winter or early spring can help maintain a healthy balance of native grasses and promote the growth of new vegetation. Mowing or grazing should be done in a way that maintains the structural diversity of the habitat and does not harm the native plant species.