Quick Answer
A typical 405gr .45-70 bullet follows a trajectory that is relatively flat, with a maximum drop of around 4-5 inches at 200 yards and around 14-15 inches at 300 yards. This is due to the bullet's heavy weight, which gives it a high ballistic coefficient and a relatively low drop. At longer ranges, the bullet's trajectory will continue to drop, but at a slower rate.
Ballistic Characteristics
The .45-70 is a large-caliber cartridge, and its bullets are designed to be heavy and dense. This gives them a high kinetic energy and a relatively flat trajectory. A 405gr bullet, for example, will have a muzzle velocity of around 1,200-1,300 fps, depending on the rifle and the load. This translates to a kinetic energy of around 2,300-2,500 ft-lbs, which is more than enough to take down a large game animal like an elk.
Effective Ranges
When hunting elk, the effective range of a .45-70 is typically considered to be out to 200-250 yards. At this range, the bullet will have dropped around 4-5 inches, and the shooter will need to aim slightly higher to compensate. At longer ranges, the bullet’s trajectory will continue to drop, and the shooter will need to aim higher still. However, even at longer ranges, a .45-70 can be an effective cartridge for taking down an elk, especially if the shot is well-placed.
Shot Placement
When shooting an elk with a .45-70, it’s essential to aim for the vitals. This includes the heart and lungs, which are located in the chest cavity. A well-placed shot in the vitals will ensure a quick and humane kill. When aiming, it’s essential to take into account the bullet’s trajectory and drop, as well as any wind or other environmental factors that may affect the shot. By taking the time to aim carefully and make a precise shot, even a large game animal like an elk can be taken down effectively with a .45-70.
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