Quick Answer
Avalanche safety regulations vary by location but generally include requirements for avalanche forecasting, transceivers, and rescue equipment. These regulations are often enforced by local authorities and ski resorts.
Avalanche Safety Equipment
In the United States, the American Avalanche Association recommends carrying a transceiver, probe, and shovel on all backcountry skiing and snowboarding excursions. For example, in Colorado, ski resorts like Arapahoe Basin and Breckenridge require backcountry travelers to carry a transceiver, probe, and shovel, as well as a beacon with a 457 kHz frequency. Transceivers should be checked annually and replaced every 5-7 years.
Avalanche Forecasting and Risk Assessment
Before heading into the backcountry, check local avalanche forecasts and assess the terrain for potential avalanche risk. Look for areas with recent snowfall, steep slopes, and unstable snowpack conditions. Use the Avalanche Danger Scale to gauge the risk level, which ranges from “Low” to “Extreme.” For example, if the forecast indicates a “High” avalanche danger, consider postponing your trip or choosing a lower-risk route.
Rescue Techniques and Procedures
In the event of an avalanche, prioritize finding the victim quickly using a transceiver. Set your transceiver to “search” mode and move in a grid pattern to locate the victim’s signal. Once located, dig carefully using a probe to identify the victim’s body. Use a shovel to quickly dig out the victim, taking care not to further bury them or cause additional avalanche risk. Practice avalanche rescue techniques and procedures before heading into the backcountry.
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