Quick Answer
To remember cardinal directions using the sun, note that at solar noon, the sun is approximately due south in the Northern Hemisphere and due north in the Southern Hemisphere. Observe the shadow of an object, and the direction the shadow points is the direction of south.
Understanding the Sun’s Movement
The sun moves across the sky due to the Earth’s rotation. At solar noon, which is around 12:00 PM, the sun is at its highest point in the sky. In the Northern Hemisphere, the sun is due south at solar noon, while in the Southern Hemisphere, it is due north. This can be a useful reference point for determining directions.
Observing the Shadow
To use the sun’s position to determine directions, observe the shadow of an object, such as a stick or a tree, on the ground. Hold the object vertically, and mark the end of the shadow with a small rock or a piece of chalk. Wait for a short period, around 15-30 minutes, and observe the movement of the shadow. The direction the shadow points is the direction of south. In the Northern Hemisphere, the shadow will move eastward, and in the Southern Hemisphere, it will move westward.
Additional Techniques
Another technique to remember cardinal directions using the sun is to use the “Shadow Stick Method.” Create a small notch on the top of a stick, and mark the end of the shadow with a small rock or a piece of chalk. Wait for a short period, and observe the movement of the shadow. The direction the shadow points is the direction of south. To determine the other directions, use the following methods:
- East: The direction the sun rises
- West: The direction the sun sets
- North: The direction the sun is in the morning, before solar noon
- South: The direction the sun is in the afternoon, after solar noon
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