Quick Answer
In low visibility, use the compass's lanyard to hold it steady, then align the direction-of-travel arrow with a known landmark or a consistent feature, such as a tree or a rock. Adjust as needed for declination. Take multiple readings if unsure.
Aligning with a Landmark
When navigating in low visibility, align the direction-of-travel arrow on your compass with a known landmark, such as a tree, rock, or a distinctive feature in the terrain. This landmark should be relatively consistent and recognizable even in poor conditions. Make sure the landmark is at least 10-15 degrees off the direction you’re trying to take, so you can adjust for any errors. If you’re using a GPS device or a map, use these to guide your navigation and periodically check your bearing with the compass.
Declination Adjustment
When navigating in areas with significant magnetic declination (up to 20 degrees or more), adjust your compass reading by the amount of declination in the direction you’re traveling. In the US, for example, declination varies by region and can be obtained from a topographic map or a smartphone app. If you’re unsure about declination, take multiple readings and average them out to minimize any errors.
Using a Compass in Dense Vegetation
In extremely dense vegetation, try to find a clearing or a gap in the trees and use this as a reference point for your navigation. Hold the compass steady with the lanyard and take a reading, then use the direction-of-travel arrow to guide you. If you’re unable to find a clearing, try using a walking stick or a long pole to probe ahead and detect any obstacles, then adjust your path accordingly.
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